Diabetes technology: A primer for clinicians

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Figure 1
Schematic illustration of components of a continuous glucose monitor (CGM) system.

TABLE 1

Continuous glucose monitors

	Dexcom G6	Dexcom G7	Freestyle Libre 2	Freestyle Libre 2 Plus	Freestyle Libre 3	Eversense E3	Guardian Connect
Maximum wear time (days)	10	10.5	14	15	14	180	7
Warm-up time	2 hours	30 minutes	1 hour	1 hour	1 hour	24 hours	Up to 2 hours
MARD^4–7,10,13	9%	8.2%	9.2%	8.2%	7.9%	8.5%	9% (arm), 10.5% (abdomen)
Calibrations required	0	0	0	0	0	2 per day for 21 days, then 1 per day	2 per day
Integration^a with insulin pumps, smart pens, caps, buttons	t:slim X2, Omnipod 5, iLet, Tempo Smart Button	InPen (available only for Apple iOS), t:slim X2, iLet, Tempo Smart Button	Bigfoot Unity smart cap	t:slim X2	Insulin pumps FDA-cleared but not yet available	None	None
Display device	Smartphone or reader	Smartphone or reader	Smartphone or reader	Smartphone or reader	Smartphone or reader	Smartphone only	Smartphone only
Drug interactions	Hydroxyurea	Hydroxyurea	Vitamin C > 500 mg	Vitamin C > 1,000 mg	Vitamin C	Tetracycline antibiotics, mannitol	Acetaminophen, hydroxyurea
FDA-cleared sites	Abdomen	Upper arm	Upper arm	Upper arm	Upper arm	Upper arm	Upper arm, abdomen
Approved in pregnancy	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	No

↵^aIntegration is the communication ability between the glucose monitor sensor and pump or other device.
FDA = US Food and Drug Administration; MARD = mean absolute relative difference
Based on information from references 4–13.