TABLE 1

Sites of action and physiologic effects of glucagon-like peptide-1

Site of actionPhysiologic effectsRemarks
PancreasStimulates insulin secretion
Inhibits glucagon secretion		These actions are glucose-dependent
Vagal afferent neuronsSlows gastric emptying
Decreases gastric acid secretion
Stimulates pancreatic insulin secretion		Effects mediated via vagal signaling to the gastrointestinal tract and the pancreas
Central nervous systemSuppresses appetite and reduces food intakeSatiety and reward centers of the brain

  • Based on data from Iepsen et al.7