Modified Duke criteria for infective endocarditis
| MAJOR CRITERIA |
| Positive microbiologic findings |
| Two separate blood cultures positive for typical microorganisms causing infective endocarditis: Staphylococcus aureus, Viridans-group streptococci, Streptococcus gallolyticus, enterococci, and “HACEK-group” organisms (Haemophilus species, Aggregatibacter species, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella species) |
| Persistently positive blood cultures: ie, 2 cultures at least 12 hours apart positive for typical pathogens, and at least 3 of 4 cultures positive for pathogens commonly considered as skin contaminants (Staphylococcus epidermidis) |
| A single blood culture positive for Coxiella burnetii, or an immunoglobulin G titer > 1:800 |
| Echocardiographic findings |
| Valvular vegetation, abscess, dehiscence of prosthetic valve, or new valvular regurgitation |
| MINOR CRITERIA |
| Clinical predisposition: intravenous drug use, presence of a prosthetic heart valve or material, history of valvular disease |
| Microbiologic findings: positive findings on microbiologic study other than those in the major criteria |
| Body temperature ≥ 38.0 °C (100.4 °F) |
| Vascular findings: embolization, mycotic aneurysm, conjunctival hemorrhage, Janeway lesions |
| Immunologic findings: glomerulonephritis, Osler nodes, Roth spots, positive rheumatoid factor |
Based on information in reference 7.