Causes and clinical features of acute mesenteric ischemia
| Cause | Incidence (%) | Clinical features | Risk factors |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arterial embolism | 49 | Acute, severe abdominal pain Peritonitis Bloody bowel movements | Atrial fibrillation Left ventricular dysfunction Aortic atherosclerosis Endocarditis |
| Arterial thrombosis | 29 | Postprandial pain Weight loss Food aversion | Atherosclerosis (acute-on-chronic mesenteric ischemia) Abdominal trauma Dissection Vasculitis |
| Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia | 20 | Peritonitis Sepsis | Critical illness Vasoconstrictive medications |
| Venous thrombosis | 10 | Vague, colicky abdominal pain | Surgery Inflammatory bowel disease Cirrhosis Sepsis Malignancy Hypercoagulability |
Based on information from references 6 and 8.