TABLE 1

Climate influence on health: What patients can do

Disease areaClimate change consequencesPatient actions
CardiovascularIncreased risk of heart attack, stroke, ischemic heart disease, heart failure
Increased risk of heat-related illness during exercise
Avoid going out during midday heat
Exercise early in the morning and in the shade
Be aware of signs of heat-related illness: eg, heart racing, nausea, headache, muscle cramping
RespiratoryIncreased potency of allergic inflammatory response
Increased asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease symptoms and exacerbations
Check air quality index on a weather app or bookmarked website
Follow simple measures to improve indoor air quality, such as removing shoes and dusting
InfectiousChanging distribution of infectious disease-bearing vectors
Increased survival and breeding of disease-bearing vectors
Wear appropriate clothing to reduce skin and hair exposure
Be aware of possible disease-bearing ticks and mosquitos in the area, use insect repellent, and check for ticks after being outdoors