Approved targeted therapies for non–small cell lung cancer and their comparative effectiveness
| Target | Treatment | Mechanism | Median progression-free survival compared with standard therapy (months) |
|---|---|---|---|
| EGFR | Erlotinib | First-generation endothelial growth factor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) | 9.7 vs 5.210 13.1 vs 4.611 |
| Gefitinib | First-generation EGFR TKI | 9.2 vs 6.312 10.8 vs 5.413 | |
| Afatinib | Second-generation EGFR TKI | 11.1 vs 6.914 | |
| Osimertinib | Third-generation EGFR TKI | 18.9 vs 10.215; a | |
| ALK | Ceritinib | First-generation ALK/ROS1/HGFR TKI | 16.6 vs 8.116 |
| Crizotinib | First-generation ALK/ROS1/HGFR TKI | 10.9 vs 7.017 | |
| Alectinib | Second-generation ALK/ROS1/HGFR TKI | Median not reached18 | |
| Brigatinib | Second-generation ALK/ROS1/HGFR TKI | 24.0 vs 11.019 | |
| ROS1 | Crizotinib | First-generation ALK/ROS1/HGFR TKI | 17.620; b 15.921; b |
| Entrectinib | First-generation ALK/ROS1/HGFR TKI | Trials ongoing | |
| BRAF | Dabrafenib | BRAF V600E serine/threonine kinase inhibitor | 14.622; c |
| Trametinib | MEK 1/2 Inhibitor | 14.622; c |
↵a Comparison of third-generation EGFR inhibitor against first- and second-generation agents (gefitinib, erlotinib) as a first-line treatment.
↵b No comparison against alternative therapy in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ROS1 mutations.
↵c No comparison against alternative therapy; treatment applied as combination dabrafenib-trametinib therapy in patients with BRAF-positive NSCLC.