Studies finding a higher prevalence of oropharyngeal colonization with gram-negative organisms in people with alcohol use disorder
| Study | Population | Findings |
|---|---|---|
| Dao et al,32 2014 | 613 men, rural Vietnam | Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common gram-negative organism, isolated in the nasopharynx in 28% K pneumoniae was found in 23% of light drinkers, 30% of moderate drinkers, and 34% of heavy drinkers Weekly alcohol consumption was associated with K pneumoniae oropharyngeal carriage (OR 1.7; 95% CI 1.04–2.8) |
| Mackowiak et al,31 1978 | 124 people with AUD and 84 controls, Dallas, TX | Colonization with gram-negative bacilli in 35% of those with AUD vs 18% of controls Of those with AUD who had gram-negative colonization, 33% had Enterobacter species and 23% had Escherichia coli |
| Fuxench-Lopez et al,33 1978 | 34 with AUD and 28 controls, Puerto Rico | Gram-negative colonization in 59% of those with AUD and 14% of controls Among AUD samples, K pneumoniae accounted for 40% of the pharyngeal secretions and 76% of the isolates were in the Klebsiella-Enterobacter group of organisms |
| Golin et al,34 1998 | 58 with AUD and 59 controls, Brazil | Gram-negative organisms in 49% of those with AUD and 40% of controls Anaerobic microbes were present in 85% of those with AUD vs 31% of controls |
AUD = alcohol use disorder